Sea turtles

Sea turtles are among the creatures that have become very vulnerable in recent years, and so far about 360 species of turtles and tortoises have been identified worldwide from the ocean to the deserts, of which 187 species are threatened and 127 are critically endangered or critically endangered according to the criteria of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List. There are more than 50 main habitats for sea turtles on the southern coast of Iran, which are their feeding, mating, and spawning grounds. In studies conducted, the dominant species on the coasts of Iran is generally the hawksbill turtle, followed by the dominant species on the coasts of Makran, the green turtle, which ranges from the Gulf of Guatar to the Strait of Hormuz.

Swamp crocodile

The swamp crocodile or short-snouted crocodile is called Gandu in the Balochi language and is the only representative of the order of crocodiles in Iran. What we know as the short-snouted crocodile or Gandu is the only member or species of the order of crocodiles that lives in a small part of our country and only in parts of Sistan and Baluchestan province in its specific habitats. The existence of the valuable species of short-snouted crocodile in the south of Sistan and Baluchestan, especially the Sarbaz rivers and an area in the Bahuklat Dashtiyari area, was registered in 1969 under the name Bahuklat Protected Area and was renamed "Gandu" Protected Area in 1982. Gandu is considered a key species in the ecosystem and has many positive effects on its habitat. Their activities contribute to the survival and maintenance of the structure and function of the ecosystem. This includes selective hunting of fish species, reintroducing food into the food cycle, and maintaining and protecting shelters or wet areas in the dry season.

Mangroves

Mangroves are a group of plants that create forest growth on the coasts and require both dry and aquatic environments. Iran's mangrove forests, which are among the country's protected areas, are located on the coasts of the Persian Gulf and the Sea of ​​Oman. In 8 regions of the south of our country, you can see these dreamy and beautiful forests that turn into floating plants on the water with every tide. But these plants, due to their powerful roots, use saltwater from the sea like natural desalinators for their growth and development. In Sistan and Baluchestan province and in Chabahar port, part of the mangrove forest is located in Gwatar port and Khor Tis. In fact, one of the most beautiful sights of Chabahar and the tourist attractions of this port is the mangrove forest in Tis city of Chabahar.

Makran (Balochi: مَكُرّران)

Makran (Balochi: مَكُرّران) is the name historically given to the southern regions of Balochistan, which extend along the coast of Balochistan for 600 miles (about 1,000 km) from Ras al-Kuh in the west of Jask and Hadd Minab in Iran to the east of Las Bileh and near the port of Karachi in Pakistan. Makran was said in the Baloch language to mean the land of palm trees or palm groves, which is a name derived from the natural geography of the region. According to the Makran Coastal Region Development and Development Document approved in 2019, the Makran region encompasses the southeastern coastal part of the country in the provinces of Hormozgan and Sistan and Baluchestan. According to this document, the cities of Minab, Sirik, and Jask in Hormozgan province and Zarabad, Konarak, Chabahar, and Dashtiari in Sistan and Baluchestan province are considered part of the Makran coastal regions and its development plan.

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